Understanding the Root Causes of Mental Illness

Mental illness is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Just like physical ailments, mental illnesses typically stem from a combination of diet, lifestyle, environmental, developmental and biological factors.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

One of the most significant risk factors for developing mental illness is adverse childhood experiences (Crandall et al., 2019; Heim et al., 2006; Kalmakis et al., 2015; Olivieri et al., 2012; Yaribeygi et al., 2017; Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018).

These can include:

• Trauma: Witnessing or experiencing traumatic events, such as accidents or natural disasters, can have long-lasting effects on mental health.

• History of Abuse: Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse during childhood can lead to various mental health issues later in life.

• Witnessing Violence: Growing up in an environment where violence is prevalent can contribute to anxiety, depression, and other disorders.

Chronic Medical Conditions

Mental health is closely linked to physical health. Certain ongoing medical conditions can increase the risk of mental illness (Clapp et al., 2017; Garrett & Doherty, 2014; Ohlsson et al., 2019):

• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): Injuries to the brain can affect mood, behavior, and cognitive function, leading to conditions such as depression or anxiety (Nelson & Stein, 2022; Seal et al., 2016).

• Chronic Health Conditions: The emotional and physical toll of experiencing a chronic health condition can be exhausting and result in significant psychological stress (De Bellis & Zisk, 2014; Scaer, 2001).

• Diabetes: Managing a chronic condition like diabetes can lead to feelings of frustration and helplessness, contributing to mental health issues. Blood sugar imbalances can also lead to mental health symptoms. The CDC (2024) reports that people living with diabetes are 2 to 3 times more likely to have depression than people without diabetes. However, only 25% to 50% of people with diabetes who have depression get diagnosed and treated.

• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of essential nutrients to fuel the brain and body can lead to long term mental and physical health symptoms (Al Mansoori et al., 2021; Föcker et al., 2017).

Biological Factors

Biological aspects play a crucial role in mental health (Boulet et al., 2022; De Bellis & Zisk, 2014)

. These include:

• Gut-Brain Axis: The gut- brain axis plays a vital role in regulating mood and emotions.

• Genetics: Family history can be a strong indicator of an individual’s susceptibility to mental illness. Genetic factors can influence the likelihood of developing mental health disorders.

Environmental Factors

Environmental factors play a crucial role in mental health (Bennett, 1987; Epstein et al., 2008; Shenassa et al., 2007; Tröster, 1991; Tuuminen & Rinne, 2017).

These include:

• Living Conditions: Environmental hazards, unclean living environment, mold exposure, unsafe drinking water, lead levels, and noise pollution. These factors can lead to health disparities. 

• Stealth Infections: PANS/PANDAS, Lyme Disease, co-infections, and Strep can all lead to neuro-inflammation and mental health symptoms (Aucott et al., 2013; Brown et al., 2017; Cross et al., 2021; Mell et al., 2005; O’Dor et al., 2022; Staszewska, 2021).

• Genetics/Epigenetics: Family history can be a strong indicator of an individual’s susceptibility to mental illness. Genetic factors can influence the likelihood of developing mental health disorders. Nutrigenomics is the study of how nutrients, diet, and genes interact in our body.

Here at Well Mind Body, we partner with Fagron Genomics (previously GX Sciences) to provide nutrigenomics testing. The test consists of a simple cheek swab that can be done in our clinic or the comfort of your own home.

Substance Use

The use of alcohol and drugs can significantly impact mental health (Burns & Teesson, 2002; Conway et al., 2016; Park et al., 2018).

Substance use can:

• Exacerbate Existing Conditions: Alcohol and drugs can worsen symptoms of mental illness or trigger new episodes.

• Create Dependency: Substance dependency can lead to psychological issues such as anxiety, depression, and mood swings.

Loneliness, Isolation, Lack of Purpose

Social connections are vital for mental well-being. Feelings of loneliness or social isolation can have severe impacts, including:

• Increased Anxiety and Depression: Lack of social interaction can lead to feelings of worthlessness and despair.

• Reduced Support Systems: Without a strong network of friends and family, managing stress and seeking help can become challenging.

Conclusion

Mental and physical health symptoms stem from an interplay of various factors, including childhood experiences, chronic medical conditions, biological factors, environmental factors, substance use, and social isolation. Understanding these factors can help in early identification and intervention, ultimately improving outcomes for those affected by mental health disorders.

By fostering a supportive environment and promoting mental health awareness, we can work towards reducing the stigma and providing the necessary resources for those in need.

Here at Well Mind Body we understand that in order to heal, we must approach mental health from a mind-body approach. Our clinicians work with clients to assess physical, intellectual, emotional, social, spiritual, occupational, financial, and environmental factors and needs.

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